Table 7. Effect of beak-trimming and genetic combinations on Heat shock potein-70 expression level in Korean native chickens

Debeaking	Breed	Week 12		Week 30
		ΔCt	2−ΔΔCt	ΔCt	2−ΔΔCt
Debeaked	YDYC	−5.44±2.89	1.43	−2.51±2.13b	2.55
	YDCF	−4.81±1.86	0.93	−0.27±1.84a	0.51
	YDCK	−4.81±1.07	0.93	−3.07±2.15bc	3.76
	YCCK	−4.92±1.26	1.00	−1.16±1.88ab	1.00
	CKCF	−4.61±2.03	0.81	−3.21±0.75bc	4.14
	YCCF	−7.40±5.77	5.58	0.01±1.71a	0.44
Non-debeaked	YDYC	−5.06±1.01	1.10	−2.51±2.13b	2.55
	YDCF	−4.29±0.82	0.65	−0.32±3.15a	0.56
	YDCK	−4.96±0.63	1.03	−3.54±1.37c	5.21
	YCCK	−5.01±4.26	1.06	−2.34±1.11b	2.27
	CKCF	−5.26±1.13	1.27	−2.50±0.82b	2.53
	YCCF	−4.68±3.45	0.85	−0.10±3.43a	0.48
P-value		0.5877		<.0001
Debeaked(D) and non-debeaked(ND)
D		−5.41±2.53	1.44	−1.71±1.74	0.82
ND		−4.88±2.20	1.00	−1.99±2.00	1.00
P-value		0.2816		0.5677
Breed(B)
YDYC		−5.25±2.11	1.22	−2.67±1.66b	1.99
YDCF		−4.25±1.68	0.61	−0.30±2.54a	0.38
YDCK		−4.89±0.86	0.95	−3.27±1.81b	3.01
YCCK		−4.96±3.06	1.00	−1.68±1.66ab	1.00
CKCF		−4.93±1.63	0.98	−2.85±0.85b	2.25
YCCF		−6.04±4.83	2.11	−0.03±2.38a	0.32
P-value		0.5733		<.0001
D×B		0.5018		0.8226

The different letters of superscript within the column significantly differ (P<0.05).
The expression values of 2^−△△ct indicate the fold change in gene expression relative to the control.