Table 1.
Some selected heat shock protein families in animalsHSP family

HSP family	Family members	Cellular location	Characteristics/functions	Upon stress	References
HSP27	Hsp25 Hsp27	Cytoplasm/nucleus	Constitutive expression/forms large aggregates	Phosphorylated upon stress/nuclear translocation	Larsen et al., 1995
HSP60	Hsp58 Hsp60	Endoplasmic reticulum/mitochondria	Constitutive expression/guides mitochondrial protein import in conjunction with Hsp70	-	Snoeckx et al., 2001
HSP70	Hsp70 Hsp73 Hsp75 Hsp78	Cytoplasm/nucleus/mitochondria/endoplasmic reticulum	Constitutive & inducible expression/protein folding /guides protein synthesis and import for protein degradation Hsp70:highly inducible & normally absent	Only Hsp70 inducible at heat stress/guides protein synthesis and binds proteins upon stress/nuclear translocation	Leung et al., 1990. Snoeckx et al., 2001
HSP90	Hsp90-α Hsp90-β	Cytoplasm/nuclear membrane/nucleous	Constitutive expression/binds cytoplasmic hormone receptors	Up-regulated and phosphorylated upon stress/nuclear translocation	Collier NC and Schlesinger, 1986; Snoeckx et al., 2001
HSP104	Hsp94 Hsp104 Hsp110	Cytoplasm/nucleolus	Constitutive expression/protein refolding	Up-regulated upon stress/nuclear translocation	Hatayama et al., 1994 Snoeckx et al., 2001