Table 6. Volatile organic compounds of fried Korean native chicken thigh meat with rosemary and clove essential oils

Volatile organic compounds (A.U. × 10⁶)	M/Z	LRI	Control	0.005RB	0.01RB	0.005CB	0.01CB	SEM
Acids
n-Hexadecanoic acid	73.1	1959	0.322	0.086	0.000	0.081	0.041	0.1028
1,6-Octadien-3-ol, 3,7-dimethyl-, formate	93.1	1215	0.000	0.236	0.260	0.227	0.000	0.0785
Subtotal			0.322	0.322	0.260	0.308	0.041	0.1412
Alcohols
.α.-Terpineol	59	1191	0.421	0.562	0.622	0.506	0.533	0.0538
1-Octanol	56.1	1077	0.075^b	0.083^b	0.093^ab	0.133^a	0.104^ab	0.0102
1-Octen-3-ol	57	969	1.349^b	1.372^b	2.666^a	2.498^ab	2.308^ab	0.2935
2,4-Di-tert-butylphenol	191	1516	0.084^ab	0.033^b	0.129^ab	0.144^a	0.078^ab	0.0231
2-Octen-1-ol, (E)-	57	1074	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.076^a	0.0141
2-Octen-1-ol, (Z)-	57.1	1074	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.069^ab	0.148^a	0.081^ab	0.0210
3-Cyclohexen-1-ol, 4-methyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-, (R)-	71.1	1179	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.223^a	0.000^b	0.0407
Benzenemethanol, .α.,.α.,4-trimethyl-	135.1	1183	0.197	0.234	0.218	0.232	0.204	0.0229
Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, (1S-endo)-	95	1168	0.000^b	0.311^a	0.339^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0626
cis-p-Mentha-2,8-dien-1-ol	91	1139	0.016	0.028	0.029	0.031	0.026	0.0039
Cyclohexanol, 2,4-dimethyl-	81.1	1044	0.000^b	0.048^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0071
Isospathulenol	119.1	1634	0.020	0.023	0.017	0.022	0.021	0.0059
Linalool	71	1106	2.008	2.389	2.520	2.526	2.270	0.2670
p-Mentha-1,5-dien-8-ol	94	1169	0.037^b	0.065^ab	0.081^a	0.052^ab	0.040^b	0.0069
Terpinen-4-ol	71.1	1178	0.242^b	0.312^b	0.436^a	0.000^c	0.319^b	0.0265
Thymol	135	1307	0.000^b	0.035^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.020^a	0.0037
Subtotal			4.449^b	5.493^ab	7.219^a	6.508^ab	6.081^ab	0.5760
Aldehydes
.α.-Thujenal	79.1	1196	0.000^b	0.050^a	0.036^ab	0.049^a	0.000^b	0.1016
1,3-Cyclohexadiene-1-carboxaldehyde, 2,6,6-trimethyl-	107.1	1208	0.194	0.273	0.242	0.245	0.216	0.0225
2,4-Decadienal, (E,E)-	81	1320	0.000^b	0.057^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0107
Benzeneacetaldehyde	91	1043	0.211^b	0.299^a	0.245^ab	0.220^b	0.212^b	0.0183
Decanal	57	1206	0.127^b	0.107^b	0.219^ab	0.311^a	0.215^ab	0.0304
Hexadecanal	82	1815	0.028^a	0.015^ab	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0047
Hexanal, 5-methyl-	70.1	846	0.455^b	0.453^b	0.529^ab	0.712^a	0.608^ab	0.0459
Nonanal	57.1	1110	1.275	1.573	1.336	1.813	1.830	0.1611
Octanal	57	998	0.352^c	0.500^bc	0.579^abc	0.824^a	0.707^ab	0.0637
Piperonal	149	1337	0.000^b	0.099^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0206
Propanal, 2-methyl-	43.1	544	0.534^a	0.148^b	0.268^ab	0.187^b	0.190^b	0.0682
Subtotal			3.175^b	3.573^ab	3.455^ab	4.360^a	3.977^ab	0.2619
Esters
11-Tetradecen-1-ol, acetate, (Z)-	82	1815	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.012^a	0.008^ab	0.0021
6-Octenoic acid, 3,7-dimethyl-, methyl ester	69.1	1265	0.000^b	0.013^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0024
Arsenous acid, tris(trimethylsilyl) ester	207	698	13.105^a	11.407^b	11.456^b	11.480^b	11.175^b	0.3553
Benzoyl isothiocyanate	105	935	1.316	1.012	1.308	1.177	1.149	0.0934
Bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-2-ol, 1,7,7-trimethyl-, acetate, (1S-endo)-	95	1291	0.000^c	0.046^b	0.064^a	0.000^c	0.000^c	0.0013
Dibutyl phthalate	149	1964	0.159	0.193	0.055	0.193	0.160	0.0477
Di-sec-butyl phthalate	149	1871	0.016	0.024	0.033	0.027	0.023	0.0082
Hydrogen isocyanate	43.1	532	0.096	0.088	0.129	0.170	0.100	0.0326
Methyl salicylate	120.1	1194	0.229	0.830	1.670	1.374	1.213	0.5154
n-Caproic acid vinyl ester	43	976	1.218	0.941	1.932	2.145	2.087	0.3183
Phthalic acid, di(2-propylpentyl) ester	149	2544	0.050	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.026	0.0176
Subtotal			16.190	14.556	16.647	16.578	15.942	0.5918
Hydrocarbons
(−)-Aristolene	105	1444	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.010^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0012
.γ.-Muurolene	161	1483	0.000	0.018	0.015	0.000	0.021	0.0063
Butylated Hydroxytoluene	205	1518	0.028^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0063
.α.-Calacorene	157.1	1549	0.012	0.025	0.025	0.023	0.025	0.0040
.α.-Cubebene	161.1	1354	0.031	0.082	0.061	0.062	0.056	0.0139
.α.-Guaiene	93	1444	0.000	0.010	0.000	0.000	0.010	0.0027
.α.-Phellandrene	93.1	995	0.787	1.473	1.477	1.393	1.306	0.1758
.β.-Myrcene	93.1	983	0.313^b	1.204^a	1.361^a	0.679^ab	0.715^ab	0.1701
.β.-Ocimene	93	1051	0.022	0.023	0.027	0.021	0.016	0.0079
.γ.-Terpinene	93	1060	0.095^b	0.291^a	0.316^a	0.168^b	0.137^b	0.0190
1,3-Cyclohexadiene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-	121	1011	0.117^b	0.257^a	0.273^a	0.153^b	0.145^b	0.0153
10,10-Dimethyl-2,6-dimethylenebicyclo [7.2.0]undecane	120.1	1433	0.019^b	0.065^a	0.048^ab	0.050^ab	0.052^ab	0.0109
1-Pentene, 3-methyl-	56	560	0.000	0.000	0.062	0.077	0.000	0.0207
2,3-Dimethyl-5-ethylpyrazine	135.1	1091	0.543^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0285
2,3-Dimethyldecane	71	1101	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.070^a	0.093^a	0.054^ab	0.0154
2,4-Dimethyldodecane	85	1268	0.141^b	0.160^b	0.372^a	0.336^ab	0.227^ab	0.0480
2,6,10-Trimethyltridecane	71.1	1465	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.033^ab	0.040^a	0.000^b	0.0083
2,6-Dimethyldecane	71.1	1114	0.000	0.000	0.444	0.576	0.000	0.1423
3,3-Dimethyl-1,2-epoxybutane	55	632	0.000^b	0.285^a	0.374^a	0.461^a	0.463^a	0.0447
3-Carene	93.1	1002	3.562	4.665	5.064	5.240	5.076	0.7144
4,11,11-Trimethyl-8-methylenebicyclo[7.2.0]undec-3-ene	91	1455	0.012	0.036	0.026	0.028	0.032	0.0071
Azulene, 1,4-dimethyl-7-(1-methylethyl)-	183.1	1781	0.003^ab	0.005^a	0.003^ab	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0001
Benzene, 1,2,3,5-tetramethyl-	119.1	1119	0.069	0.087	0.227	0.295	0.201	0.0579
Benzene, 1,2,4,5-tetramethyl-	119.1	1123	0.098	0.091	0.113	0.126	0.091	0.0341
Benzene, 1,3-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl)-	175.1	1258	0.702^c	1.109^bc	2.624^ab	2.744^a	1.740^abc	0.3580
Benzene, 1-ethyl-2,4-dimethyl-	119.1	1081	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.150^ab	0.193^a	0.147^ab	0.0427
Benzene, 1-methyl-3-(1-methylethenyl)-	132	1086	0.139	0.126	0.136	0.132	0.126	0.0156
Benzene, 1-methyl-3-(1-methylethyl)-	119	1021	3.969	4.102	6.29	4.328	4.460	0.6447
Benzene, 1-methyl-4-propyl-	105	1052	0.000^c	0.000^c	0.071^ab	0.085^a	0.045^b	0.0083
Bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene, 1,7,7-trimethyl-	93	916	0.000^c	0.549^a	0.600^a	0.023^bc	0.054^b	0.0124
Bicyclo[3.1.1]heptane, 6,6-dimethyl-2-methylene-, (1S)-	93	956	0.950^c	1.959^ab	2.142^a	1.344^bc	1.372^bc	0.1615
Bicyclo[5.2.0]nonane, 2-methylene-4,8,8-trimethyl-4-vinyl-	133	1424	0.983^b	2.950^a	2.095^ab	2.494^ab	2.288^ab	0.4394
Copaene	161.1	1380	0.285	0.877	0.614	0.719	0.604	0.1420
Cyclohexane, 1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2, 4-bis(1-methylethenyl)-, [1S-(1.α.,2.β.,4.β.)]-	93	1395	0.020	0.069	0.051	0.062	0.046	0.0121
Cyclohexene, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-	121	1092	0.000^c	0.418^ab	0.427^ab	0.559^a	0.364^b	0.0361
Cyclohexene, 4-ethenyl-4-methyl-3-(1-methylethenyl)-1-(1-methylethyl)-, (3R-trans)-	121	1343	0.481	1.268	1.018	1.144	0.851	0.2083
Cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethyl-	281	1003	32.644^a	22.433^b	26.495^ab	30.233^ab	22.745^b	2.0538
Decane	57.1	994	2.460^b	3.690^ab	7.117^a	7.784^a	6.360^ab	1.0815
Decane, 2,4,6-trimethyl-	71	1121	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.094^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0120
Decane, 2,9-dimethyl-	57.1	1134	0.000	0.000	0.023	0.028	0.000	0.0071
Decane, 2-methyl-	57	1062	0.506	0.781	0.305	1.388	0.609	0.3615
Decane, 3-methyl-	57	1067	0.233^b	0.252^b	0.492^ab	0.758^a	0.452^ab	0.0934
Decane, 4-methyl-	71.1	1065	0.000^c	0.267^b	0.540^a	0.605^a	0.385^ab	0.0550
Decane, 5-methyl-	57.1	1062	0.000^b	0.000^b	1.668^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0573
Dodecane	57	1200	0.844^b	1.587^ab	3.133^a	2.730^ab	2.320^ab	0.5397
Dodecane, 2,6,11-trimethyl-	71	1284	0.190^b	0.213^b	0.514^a	0.475^ab	0.308^ab	0.0689
Dodecane, 2,7,10-trimethyl-	71	1306	0.031	0.056	0.123	0.107	0.062	0.0257
Dodecane, 4,6-dimethyl-	71.1	1330	0.083	0.086	0.207	0.172	0.139	0.0441
Heptane, 2,3,4-trimethyl-	57	943	0.000^b	0.076^ab	0.114^ab	0.187^a	0.089^ab	0.0400
Heptane, 3,4-dimethyl-	57.1	844	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.088^a	0.0169
Heptane, 4-ethyl-	57.1	843	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.106^a	0.000^b	0.0194
Hexane, 3-ethyl-	43.1	766	0.354	0.477	0.800	1.061	0.598	0.1998
Humulene	93.1	1460	0.123	0.410	0.297	0.382	0.387	0.0718
Humulene epoxide I	93.1	1589	0.000^b	0.009^a	0.009^a	0.015^a	0.011^a	0.0020
Methane, dichloronitro-	83.1	558	0.077^b	0.065^b	0.068^b	0.179^a	0.064^b	0.0184
Methane, isocyanato-	57.1	553	0.127	0.022	0.120	0.080	0.000	0.0474
Naphthalene, 1,2,3,5,6,8a-hexahydro-4,7-dimethyl-1-(1-methylethyl)-, (1S-cis)-	159.1	1529	0.032^b	0.158^a	0.143^ab	0.146^a	0.140^ab	0.0266
Naphthalene, 1,6-dimethyl-4-(1-methylethyl)-	183	1682	0.003^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0006
Naphthalene, decahydro-4a-methyl-1-methylene-7-(1-methylethenyl)-, [4aR-(4a.α.,7.α.,8a.β.)]-	105	1493	0.000^b	0.038^a	0.037^a	0.033^ab	0.019^ab	0.0080
Nonane, 2,5-dimethyl-	57.1	1018	0.266^c	0.329^bc	0.712^ab	0.849^a	0.498^abc	0.1028
Nonane, 2,6-dimethyl-	71	1022	0.433^b	0.522^b	1.089^ab	1.326^a	0.775^ab	0.1568
Nonane, 3-methyl-	57.1	956	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.095^ab	0.132^a	0.106^ab	0.0272
Nonane, 4,5-dimethyl-	57.1	1033	0.000	0.000	0.070	0.059	0.059	0.0208
Nonane, 5-methyl-5-propyl-	57.1	1247	0.027	0.043	0.000	0.000	0.042	0.0109
Octane, 2,3-dimethyl-	57	947	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.228^a	0.181^ab	0.000^b	0.0538
Octane, 2,4,6-trimethyl-	57.1	963	0.170^b	0.162^b	0.353^ab	0.451^a	0.251^ab	0.0644
Pentadecane	71.1	1499	0.065	0.035	0.056	0.083	0.033	0.0176
Pyrazine, 2,3-diethyl-5-methyl-	150.1	1159	0.036^a	0.036^a	0.039^a	0.021^ab	0.000^b	0.0049
Pyrazine, 2-ethyl-6-methyl-	121.1	989	0.518^b	0.705^a	0.483^b	0.328^c	0.287^c	0.0348
Pyrazine, 3,5-diethyl-2-methyl-	149	1161	0.171^a	0.142^a	0.158^a	0.105^b	0.080^b	0.0068
Pyrazine, 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-	135	1083	1.383^a	1.182^a	1.267^a	0.886^b	0.661^c	0.0508
Pyrazine, trimethyl-	122.1	993	1.230^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.2405
Tetradecane	57.1	1400	0.246	0.169	0.410	0.306	0.256	0.0708
trans-.α.-Bergamotene	93	1425	0.000^b	0.000^b	1.203^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.2197
trans-.β.-Ocimene	93	1052	0.000^b	0.026^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0048
Tricyclo[2.2.1.0(2,6)]heptane, 1,3,3-trimethyl-	93.1	894	0.390^b	3.729^a	3.917^a	0.563^b	0.712^b	0.1046
Tridecane	57	1304	0.073	0.037	0.067	0.077	0.067	0.0142
Undecane, 2,4-dimethyl-	85.1	1211	0.027^bc	0.000^c	0.103^a	0.099^a	0.066^ab	0.0125
Undecane, 2,7-dimethyl-	85.1	1219	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.048^a	0.044^a	0.026^a	0.0059
Undecane, 2,8-dimethyl-	71.1	1223	0.050	0.083	0.112	0.111	0.064	0.0369
Undecane, 2-methyl-	57.1	1167	0.039^c	0.060^bc	0.141^a	0.129^ab	0.068^abc	0.0184
Undecane, 3-methyl-	57.1	1173	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.046^a	0.000^b	0.0058
Undecane, 5-methyl-	71.1	1160	0.027^b	0.072^ab	0.161^a	0.142^a	0.112^ab	0.0267
D-Limonene	68	1025	3.020^b	5.192^ab	6.207^a	4.460^ab	4.494^ab	0.5276
Subtotal	0	0	59.257^c	65.350^abc	85.835^a	80.518^ab	64.155^bc	4.9970
Ketones
Ethanone, 1-(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)-	109	1064	0.060^ab	0.079^a	0.067^ab	0.030^b	0.049^ab	0.0106
(+)-2-Bornanone	95	1147	0.141^c	1.084^b	2.171^a	0.192^c	0.473^c	0.0909
2-Cyclohexen-1-one, 3-methyl-6-(1-methylethyl)-	82.1	1257	0.133	0.134	0.171	0.179	0.152	0.2333
4,7,7-Trimethylbicyclo[4.1.0]hept-3-en-2-one	150	1316	0.034	0.047	0.039	0.043	0.038	0.0045
4-Methyleneisophorone	150	1255	0.058	0.077	0.089	0.094	0.082	0.0141
Carvone	82.1	1247	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.023^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.0044
Cyclohexanone, 2-methylene-5-(1-methylethyl)-	82	1250	0.015	0.021	0.023	0.017	0.013	0.0061
D-Carvone	82.1	1246	0.023^a	0.040^a	0.000^b	0.021^ab	0.034^a	0.0053
Subtotal	0	0	0.464^c	1.481^b	2.582^a	0.577^c	0.840^c	0.1066
Sulfur compounds
Cyclic octaatomic sulfur	64	2031	0.040^b	0.118^ab	0.174^a	0.132^a	0.177^a	0.0216
Sulfur dioxide	64	537	0.000^b	1.180^a	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.000^b	0.2172
Subtotal	0	0	0.040^b	1.297^a	0.174^b	0.132^b	0.177^b	0.2170
Total	0	0	83.897^c	92.073^bc	116.173^a	108.981^ab	91.213^bc	5.4165

Means within the same row with different letters are significantly different (P<0.05).